These are organizations on behalf of which goods and services are purchased in order for them to provide efficient and effective services of their own. Examples of such organizations include schools, hospitals, hotels, central and local government departments, police and armed forces, and “professional” firms (such as firms of lawyers, accountants and auditors). For example, a school or a college will not be able to provide efficient and effective teaching services to its students if it does not purchase text books and other learning aids, stationery, classroom equipment (desks, blackboards, and even small items like chalk). In some cases, the services provided by institutional buyers might not be “commercially significant” in the sense of making profits. However, most such organizations do make charges - in one form or another, sometimes directly, sometimes indirectly - to those who make use of their services.